4/28/2023 0 Comments Reason refill extractor viewer![]() ![]() As demonstrated by our experiments, water for refilling was thereby taken up via the branches, likely by foliar water uptake. This indicates that active, cellular processes play a role for refilling even under winter conditions. Refilling of xylem as well as recovery in shoot conductance started in February and corresponded with starch accumulation in secondary phloem and in the mesophyll of needles, where we also observed increasing aquaporin densities in the phloem and endodermis. Xylem embolism caused up to 86.2% ± 3.1% loss of conductivity and was correlated with the ratio of closed pits. Refilling started in late winter, when the soil was frozen and soil water not available for the trees. In this study on Picea abies, refilling was monitored during winter and spring seasons and analyzed in the laboratory and in situ experiments, based on hydraulic, anatomical, and histochemical methods. Previous studies indicated that timberline trees survive by xylem refilling. ![]() ![]() Conifers at the alpine timberline are exposed to drought and freeze-thaw stress during winter, which induce potentially lethal embolism. ![]() Xylem embolism is a limiting factor for woody species worldwide. ![]()
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